AWS Braket Executor#

Covalent is a Pythonic workflow tool used to execute tasks on advanced computing hardware.

This plugin allows executing quantum circuits and quantum-classical hybrid jobs in Amazon Braket when you use Covalent.

1. Installation#

To use this plugin with Covalent, simply install it using pip:

pip install covalent-braket-plugin

2. Usage Example#

The following toy example executes a simple quantum circuit on one qubit that prepares a uniform superposition of the standard basis states and then measures the state. We use the Pennylane framework.

import covalent as ct
from covalent_braket_plugin.braket import BraketExecutor
import os

# AWS resources to pass to the executor
credentials = "~/.aws/credentials"
profile = "default"
    region = "us-east-1"
s3_bucket_name = "braket_s3_bucket"
ecr_repo_name = "braket_ecr_repo"
iam_role_name = "covalent-braket-iam-role"

# Instantiate the executor
ex = BraketExecutor(
            profile=profile,
            credentials=credentials_file,
            s3_bucket_name=s3_bucket_name,
            ecr_image_uri=ecr_image_uri,
            braket_job_execution_role_name=iam_role_name,
            quantum_device="arn:aws:braket:::device/quantum-simulator/amazon/sv1",
            classical_device="ml.m5.large",
            storage=30,
            time_limit=300,
    )


# Execute the following circuit:
# |0> - H - Measure
@ct.electron(executor=ex)
def simple_quantum_task(num_qubits: int):
    import pennylane as qml

    # These are passed to the Hybrid Jobs container at runtime
    device_arn = os.environ["AMZN_BRAKET_DEVICE_ARN"]
    s3_bucket = os.environ["AMZN_BRAKET_OUT_S3_BUCKET"]
    s3_task_dir = os.environ["AMZN_BRAKET_TASK_RESULTS_S3_URI"].split(s3_bucket)[1]

    device = qml.device(
        "braket.aws.qubit",
        device_arn=device_arn,
        s3_destination_folder=(s3_bucket, s3_task_dir),
        wires=num_qubits,
    )

    @qml.qnode(device=device)
    def simple_circuit():
        qml.Hadamard(wires=[0])
        return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(wires=[0]))

    res = simple_circuit().numpy()
    return res


@ct.lattice
def simple_quantum_workflow(num_qubits: int):
    return simple_quantum_task(num_qubits=num_qubits)


dispatch_id = ct.dispatch(simple_quantum_workflow)(1)
result_object = ct.get_result(dispatch_id, wait=True)

# We expect 0 as the result
print("Result:", result_object.result)

During the execution of the workflow one can navigate to the UI to see the status of the workflow, once completed however the above script should also output a value with the output of the quantum measurement.

>>> Result: 0

3. Overview of Configuration#

Config Key	Is Required	Default	Description
credentials	No	“~/.aws/credentials”	The path to the AWS credentials file
braket_job_execution_role_name	Yes	“CovalentBraketJobsExecutionRole”	The name of the IAM role that Braket will assume during task execution.
profile	No	“default”	Named AWS profile used for authentication
region	Yes	:code`AWS_DEFAULT_REGION` environment variable	AWS Region to use to for client calls to AWS
s3_bucket_name	Yes	amazon-braket-covalent-job-resources	The S3 bucket where Covalent will store input and output files for the task.
ecr_image_uri	Yes		An ECR repository for storing container images to be run by Braket.
quantum_device	No	“arn:aws:braket:::device/quantum-simulator/amazon/sv1”	The ARN of the quantum device to use
classical_device	No	“ml.m5.large”	Instance type for the classical device to use
storage	No	30	Storage size in GB for the classical device
time_limit	No	300	Max running time in seconds for the Braket job
poll_freq	No	30	How often (in seconds) to poll Braket for the job status
cache_dir	No	“/tmp/covalent”	Location for storing temporary files generated by the Covalent server

This plugin can be configured in one of two ways:

Configuration options can be passed in as constructor keys to the executor class ct.executor.BraketExecutor
By modifying the covalent configuration file under the section [executors.braket]

The following shows an example of how a user might modify their covalent configuration file to support this plugin:

[executors.braket]
quantum_device = "arn:aws:braket:::device/qpu/ionq/ionQdevice"
time_limit = 3600

4. Required Cloud Resources#

The Braket executor requires some resources to be provisioned on AWS. Precisely, users will need an S3 bucket, an ECR repo, and an IAM role with the appropriate permissions to be passed to Braket.

Resource	Is Required	Config Key	Description
IAM role	Yes	`braket_job_execution_role_name`	An IAM role granting permissions to Braket, S3, ECR, and a few other resources.
ECR repository	Yes	`ecr_image_uri`	An ECR repository for storing container images to be run by Braket.
S3 bucket	Yes	`s3_bucket`	An S3 bucket for storing task-specific data, such as Braket outputs or function inputs.

One can either follow the below instructions to manually create the resources or use the provided terraform script to auto-provision the resources needed.

The AWS documentation on S3 details how to configure an S3 bucket.
The permissions required for the the IAM role are documented in the article “managing access to Amazon Braket”. The following policy is attached to the default role “CovalentBraketJobsExecutionRole”:
In order to use the Braket executor plugin one must create a private ECR registry with a container image that will be used to execute the Braket jobs using covalent. One can either create an ECR repository manually or use the terraform script provided below. We host the image in our public repository at public.ecr.aws/covalent/covalent-braket-executor:stable

Note

The container image can be uploaded to a private ECR as follows

docker pull public.ecr.aws/covalent/covalent-braket-executor:stable

Once the image has been obtained, user’s can tag it with their registry information and upload to ECR as follows

aws ecr get-login-password --region <region> | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin <aws_account_id>.dkr.ecr.<region>.amazonaws.com
docker tag public.ecr.aws/covalent/covalent-braket-executor:stable <aws_account_id>.dkr.ecr.<region>.amazonaws.com/<my-repository>:tag
docker push <aws_account_id>.dkr.ecr.<region>.amazonaws.com/<my-repository>:tag

Sample IAM policy for Braket’s execution role

{

“Version”: “2012-10-17”, “Statement”: [

{
“Sid”: “VisualEditor0”, “Effect”: “Allow”, “Action”: “cloudwatch:PutMetricData”, “Resource”: “*”, “Condition”: {

“StringEquals”: { “cloudwatch:namespace”: “/aws/braket” }

}

}, {

“Sid”: “VisualEditor1”, “Effect”: “Allow”, “Action”: [

“logs:CreateLogStream”, “logs:DescribeLogStreams”, “ecr:GetDownloadUrlForLayer”, “ecr:BatchGetImage”, “logs:StartQuery”, “logs:GetLogEvents”, “logs:CreateLogGroup”, “logs:PutLogEvents”, “ecr:BatchCheckLayerAvailability”

], “Resource”: [

“arn:aws:ecr::348041629502:repository/”, “arn:aws:logs:::log-group:/aws/braket*”

]

}, {

“Sid”: “VisualEditor2”, “Effect”: “Allow”, “Action”: “iam:PassRole”, “Resource”: “arn:aws:iam::348041629502:role/CovalentBraketJobsExecutionRole”, “Condition”: {

“StringLike”: { “iam:PassedToService”: “braket.amazonaws.com” }

}

}, {

“Sid”: “VisualEditor3”, “Effect”: “Allow”, “Action”: [

“braket:SearchDevices”, “s3:CreateBucket”, “ecr:BatchDeleteImage”, “ecr:BatchGetRepositoryScanningConfiguration”, “ecr:DeleteRepository”, “ecr:TagResource”, “ecr:BatchCheckLayerAvailability”, “ecr:GetLifecyclePolicy”, “braket:CreateJob”, “ecr:DescribeImageScanFindings”, “braket:GetJob”, “ecr:CreateRepository”, “ecr:PutImageScanningConfiguration”, “ecr:GetDownloadUrlForLayer”, “ecr:DescribePullThroughCacheRules”, “ecr:GetAuthorizationToken”, “ecr:DeleteLifecyclePolicy”, “braket:ListTagsForResource”, “ecr:PutImage”, “s3:PutObject”, “s3:GetObject”, “braket:GetDevice”, “ecr:UntagResource”, “ecr:BatchGetImage”, “ecr:DescribeImages”, “braket:CancelQuantumTask”, “ecr:StartLifecyclePolicyPreview”, “braket:CancelJob”, “ecr:InitiateLayerUpload”, “ecr:PutImageTagMutability”, “ecr:StartImageScan”, “ecr:DescribeImageReplicationStatus”, “ecr:ListTagsForResource”, “s3:ListBucket”, “ecr:UploadLayerPart”, “ecr:CreatePullThroughCacheRule”, “ecr:ListImages”, “ecr:GetRegistryScanningConfiguration”, “braket:TagResource”, “ecr:CompleteLayerUpload”, “ecr:DescribeRepositories”, “ecr:ReplicateImage”, “ecr:GetRegistryPolicy”, “ecr:PutLifecyclePolicy”, “s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock”, “ecr:GetLifecyclePolicyPreview”, “ecr:DescribeRegistry”, “braket:SearchJobs”, “braket:CreateQuantumTask”, “iam:ListRoles”, “ecr:PutRegistryScanningConfiguration”, “ecr:DeletePullThroughCacheRule”, “braket:UntagResource”, “ecr:BatchImportUpstreamImage”, “braket:GetQuantumTask”, “s3:PutBucketPolicy”, “braket:SearchQuantumTasks”, “ecr:GetRepositoryPolicy”, “ecr:PutReplicationConfiguration”

], “Resource”: “*”

}, {

“Sid”: “VisualEditor4”, “Effect”: “Allow”, “Action”: “logs:GetQueryResults”, “Resource”: “arn:aws:logs:::log-group:*”

}, {

“Sid”: “VisualEditor5”, “Effect”: “Allow”, “Action”: “logs:StopQuery”, “Resource”: “arn:aws:logs:::log-group:/aws/braket*”

}

]

}

Users can use the following Terraform snippet as a starting point to spin up the required resources

provider "aws" {}

data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}


resource "aws_s3_bucket" "braket_bucket" {
        bucket        = "my-s3-bucket-name"
        force_destroy = true
}

resource "aws_ecr_repository" "braket_ecr_repo" {
        name                 = "amazon-braket-base-executor-repo"
        image_tag_mutability = "MUTABLE"

        force_delete = true
        image_scanning_configuration {
                scan_on_push = false
        }

        provisioner "local-exec" {
                command = "docker pull public.ecr.aws/covalent/covalent-braket-executor:stable && aws ecr get-login-password --region <region> | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin ${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}.dkr.ecr.${var.aws_region}.amazonaws.com && docker tag public.ecr.aws/covalent/covalent-braket-executor:stable ${aws_ecr_repository.braket_ecr_repo.repository_url}:stable && docker push ${aws_ecr_repository.braket_ecr_repo.repository_url}:stable"
        }
}

resource "aws_iam_role" "braket_iam_role" {
        name = "amazon-braket-execution-role"
        assume_role_policy = jsonencode({
                Version = "2012-10-17"
                Statement = [
                {
                        Action = "sts:AssumeRole"
                        Effect = "Allow"
                        Sid    = ""
                        Principal = {
                        Service = "braket.amazonaws.com"
                        }
                },
                ]
        })
        managed_policy_arns = ["arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonBraketFullAccess"]
}